Form I-130: The Essential First Step in Family-Based Immigration
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What Is Form I-130 and Why Is It Important?
Form I-130, officially known as the Petition for Alien Relative, is the first step for U.S. citizens or lawful permanent residents who wish to sponsor a qualifying relative for lawful permanent residency (Green Card). While it doesn’t grant immigration benefits by itself, it establishes the family relationship and starts the immigration process.
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Who Can File Form I-130 and for Whom?
U.S. citizens can file for:
- Spouses
- Parents
- Children (unmarried or married)
- Siblings
- Lawful permanent residents (LPRs) can file for:
- Spouses
- Unmarried children (any age)
Each family member requires a separate Form I-130.
What Documents Do I Need to File Form I-130?
To successfully file, you must prove both your immigration status and your relationship with the beneficiary:
Prove your status:
- U.S. birth certificate, passport, or naturalization certificate (for citizens)
- Copy of your Green Card (front and back) for LPRs
Prove your relationship:
- Marriage certificate (for spouses)
- Birth certificates (for children or parents)
- Evidence of bona fide marriage (shared leases, bank accounts, photos, affidavits)
Do I Need Certified Translations for I-130?
Yes. Any foreign-language documents must include a certified English translation. This includes:
- Birth certificates
- Marriage and divorce records
- Legal documents supporting your relationship
At Translations Certified, we provide USCIS-compliant certified and notarized translations with fast delivery in secure PDF format.
How Long Does Form I-130 Take to Process?
Immediate relatives (spouses, parents, unmarried children under 21 of U.S. citizens):
Typically 5–15 months
Other family categories (siblings, married children, LPR-sponsored relatives):
May take 5–30 months or more depending on visa availability and priority date.
You can track your case using the USCIS Case Status tool with your 13-digit receipt number.
What Happens After Form I-130 Is Approved?
If your relative is in the U.S.:
They may file Form I-485 to adjust their status to a Green Card holder.
If your relative is outside the U.S.:
The case will move to the National Visa Center (NVC) for consular processing. They’ll complete Form DS-260 and attend an interview at a U.S. consulate or embassy.
References:
The information provided here is for general informational purposes only and is not intended to be legal advice. While we strive to ensure that the information is accurate and current, it is not a substitute for professional legal counsel. Please consult with a qualified attorney for advice regarding your specific situation or legal questions.